Characteristics of Risk Factors for Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar City in 2022-2023

Wahyu Julianto Abas; Andi Dhedhie Prasatia Sam; Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin; Moh. Reza Zainal Abidin; Andi Masdipa

doi:10.22487/htj.v11i4.1793

Authors

Wahyu Julianto Abas Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar
Andi Dhedhie Prasatia Sam Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar
Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar
Moh. Reza Zainal Abidin Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar
Andi Masdipa Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v11i4.1793

Keywords:

CSOM, Age, Gender, Type of CSOM

Abstract

Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a persistent middle ear infection that significantly contributes to global hearing loss and reduced quality of life, yet recent epidemiological data from major Indonesian cities such as Makassar remain scarce. Objective: To identify risk factor characteristics, including age, gender, and CSOM type (benign or malignant), among patients diagnosed at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar, from 2022 to 2023. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study with a retrospective design was conducted using total sampling of 31 patient medical records meeting inclusion criteria, and data were analyzed univariately to present frequency distributions and percentages. Results: The 17–25-year age group had the highest CSOM prevalence (35.48%), followed by the 0–5-year group (16.13%). Female patients accounted for 51.61%, showing a nearly equal gender distribution. The majority of cases were benign CSOM (96.77%), with only 3.23% classified as malignant. These findings indicate that young adults represent the most affected demographic, likely due to environmental exposure and untreated upper respiratory infections, while malignant CSOM remains rare. Conclusion: Age is the primary risk factor for CSOM in this population, with young adults being the most vulnerable, underscoring the importance of targeted preventive measures and early ear health education.

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