The Role of Tumor Budding as a Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Andi Marcha Rianti; Upik Anderiani Miskad; Muhammad Husni Cangara; Syarifuddin Wahid; Djumadi Achmad; Suryani Tawali

doi:10.22487/htj.v11i1.1586

Authors

Andi Marcha Rianti Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5197-0557
Upik Anderiani Miskad Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Muhammad Husni Cangara Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-8265
Syarifuddin Wahid Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Djumadi Achmad Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Suryani Tawali Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v11i1.1586

Keywords:

Tumor budding, colorectal adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Tumor budding has emerged as a potential prognostic indicator in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between tumor budding and histopathological grade, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis in colorectal adenocarcinoma, and to assess the potential of tumor budding as a prognostic factor. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 93 colorectal adenocarcinoma samples. The association between tumor budding and histopathological grade, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis was evaluated using the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Among the 93 samples, a significant difference in tumor budding scores was found between cases with and without lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.003). However, no significant association was observed between tumor budding scores and histopathological grade (p = 0.685) or lymph node metastasis (p = 0.092). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Tumor budding may serve as an important prognostic factor in colorectal adenocarcinoma, particularly in its association with lymphovascular invasion

References

Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA A Cancer J Clinicians. 2024 May;74(3):229–63. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21834

Hossain MdS, Karuniawati H, Jairoun AA, Urbi Z, Ooi DJ, John A, et al. Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Carcinogenesis, Global Epidemiology, Current Challenges, Risk Factors, Preventive and Treatment Strategies. Cancers. 2022 Mar 29;14(7):1732.

Roshandel G, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Malekzadeh R. Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers. 2024 Apr 17;16(8):1530.

Hanifah N. S. Pemberian Diet Diabetes Militus V (1900 kkal) H (Pra Bedah) dan Diet Diabetes Militus VI (2100 kkal) H (Pasca Operasi) Pada Pasien Penyakit Kanker Hati Dengan Penyakit Riwayat Kencing Manis: Sebuah Laporan Kasus. Heal Tadulako J (Jurnal Kesehat Tadulako). 2022;8(2):74-83.

Noffsinger AE. Epithelial Neoplasms of the Colon. In Fenoglio- Preiser’s Gastrointestinal Pathology. 4th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2017.

Wang X, Cao Y, Ding M, Liu J, Zuo X, Li H, et al. Oncological and prognostic impact of lymphovascular invasion in Colorectal Cancer patients. Int J Med Sci. 2021;18(7):1721–9. doi: 10.7150/ijms.53555

Langrand-Escure J, Diao P, Garcia MA, Wang G, Guy JB, Espenel S, et al. Outcome and prognostic factors in 593 non-metastatic rectal cancer patients: a mono-institutional survey. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 16;8(1):10708. DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-29040-2

Gopal M, Recio-Boiles alejandro, Lotfollahzadeh S, Cagir. B. Colon Cancer [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470380/

Nagtegaal ID, Arends MJ, Salto Tellez M. Tumours of the colon and rectum In WHO Classification of Tumours Digestive System Tumours. 5th ed. World Health Organization; 2019.

Hacking S, Angert M, Jin C, Kline M, Gupta N, Cho M, et al. Tumor budding in colorectal carcinoma: An institutional interobserver reliability and prognostic study of colorectal adenocarcinoma cases. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. 2019 Dec;43:151420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2019.151420

Grigore A, Jolly M, Jia D, Farach-Carson M, Levine H. Tumor Budding: The Name is EMT. Partial EMT. JCM. 2016 Apr 29;5(5):51. doi:10.3390/jcm5050051

Lugli A, Zlobec I, Berger MD, Kirsch R, nagtegaal ID. Tumour budding in solid cancers. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology. 2020 Sep 8;101–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-020-0422-y

Hutasoit GA, Miskad UA, Cangara MH, Wahid S, Achmad D, Tawali S. Hubungan Tumor Budding Dengan Kejadian Metastasis Kelenjar Getah Bening Pada Penderita Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal: Hubungan Tumor Budding Dengan Kejadian Metastasis Kelenjar Getah Bening Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal. Htj. 2024 Jul 24;10(3):464–71.

Hutasoit G, Miskad U, Akil F, Cangara MH, Dahlan H, Yamin A, et al. Snail Expression as a Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Sep 1;25(9):3143–9. DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.9.3143

Yang J, Antin P, Berx G, Blanpain C, Brabletz T, Bronner M, et al. Guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020 Jun 10;21(6):341–52.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-020-0237-9

Hutasoit GA, Sari P, Rupawan IK, Salman M. Tumor Phyllodes dan Prognosisnya. Heal Tadulako J (Jurnal Kesehat Tadulako). 2022;8(3):204-213. https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v8i3.476.

Li CJ, Zhang X, Fan GW. Updates in colorectal cancer stem cell research. J Can Res Ther. 2014;10(8):233. DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.151449

Gaghana L, Miskad U, Cangara MH, Zainuddin AA, Mardiati M, Arsyadi G, et al. The Relationship Between Expression of EpCAM Cancer Stem Cell Marker with Histopathological Grading, Lymphovascular Invasion, and Metastases in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2023 Mar 1;24(3):929–34. DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.3.929

Ozer SP, Barut SG, Ozer B, Catal O, Sit M. The relationship between tumor budding and survival in colorectal carcinomas. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.12.1442

Li L, Zheng J, Oltean S. Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions by Alternative Splicing: Potential New Area for Cancer Therapeutics. Genes. 2023 Oct 26;14(11):2001.